Protein import into chloroplasts: The Tic complex and its regulation

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2010, doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.01.015, Volume 1803, Issue 6, Pages 740-747 published on 25.01.2010
Biochimica et Piophysica Acta, online article
Chloroplasts originated from an endosymbiotic event, in which an ancestral photosynthetic cyanobacterium was engulfed by a mitochondriate eukaryotic host cell. During evolution, the endosymbiont lost its autonomy by means of a massive transfer of genetic information from the prokaryotic genome to the host nucleus. Consequently, the development of protein import machineries became necessary for the relocation of proteins that are now nuclear-encoded and synthesized in the cytosol but destined for the chloroplast. Organelle biogenesis and maintenance requires a tight coordination of transcription, translation and protein import between the host cell and the organelle. This review focuses on the translocation complexes in the outer and inner envelope membrane with a special emphasis on the role of molecular chaperones. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Protein translocation across or insertion into membranes.  

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